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Arrow Physics Equations:
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Kinetic energy and momentum are fundamental physics concepts that describe an arrow's motion. Kinetic energy represents the energy of motion, while momentum describes the quantity of motion. Both are crucial for understanding arrow performance and penetration capability.
The calculator uses the physics equations:
Where:
Explanation: Kinetic energy increases with the square of velocity, making speed more significant than mass for energy transfer. Momentum increases linearly with both mass and velocity.
Details: Understanding kinetic energy and momentum helps archers optimize arrow selection for different purposes. Higher kinetic energy provides better penetration, while higher momentum helps maintain trajectory through targets.
Tips: Enter arrow mass in kilograms and velocity in meters per second. Ensure values are positive and realistic for accurate calculations.
Q1: Which is more important for hunting - KE or momentum?
A: Both are important, but momentum is often considered more crucial for deep penetration through animal tissue and bone.
Q2: How do I convert grains to kilograms for arrow mass?
A: 1 grain = 0.00006479891 kg. Multiply grains by this conversion factor to get mass in kilograms.
Q3: How do I convert fps to m/s for velocity?
A: 1 fps = 0.3048 m/s. Multiply feet per second by 0.3048 to get meters per second.
Q4: What are typical values for arrow KE and momentum?
A: Hunting arrows typically range from 40-100 J of KE and 0.5-1.0 kg·m/s of momentum, depending on bow type and setup.
Q5: How does arrow mass affect KE and momentum differently?
A: Doubling mass doubles momentum but only doubles KE if velocity remains constant (though velocity typically decreases with increased mass).