Home
Back
Physics Equations:
| From: | To: |
Kinetic energy and momentum are fundamental physics concepts that describe an arrow's motion. Kinetic energy represents the energy of motion, while momentum represents the quantity of motion. Both are crucial for understanding arrow performance and penetration capability.
The calculator uses the physics equations:
Where:
Explanation: Kinetic energy increases with the square of velocity, making speed more important than mass for energy. Momentum increases linearly with both mass and velocity.
Details: Understanding these values helps archers optimize arrow selection for different purposes. Higher kinetic energy generally means better penetration, while higher momentum helps maintain trajectory and overcome resistance.
Tips: Enter arrow mass in kilograms and velocity in meters per second. For grains to kg conversion: divide grains by 15,432. For fps to m/s conversion: multiply fps by 0.3048.
Q1: Which is more important for hunting, KE or momentum?
A: Both are important, but momentum is generally considered more critical for deep penetration through tissue and bone, while KE contributes to initial impact force.
Q2: What are typical values for archery arrows?
A: Typical hunting arrows have KE values of 40-100 J and momentum values of 0.5-1.0 kg·m/s, depending on bow type and arrow setup.
Q3: How does arrow weight affect these values?
A: Heavier arrows have higher momentum at the same speed, but usually lower velocity from the same bow, resulting in a trade-off between mass and velocity.
Q4: What's the minimum KE needed for hunting?
A: Most experts recommend at least 40-50 J for deer-sized game and 70-80 J for larger game like elk or moose, though regulations vary by region.
Q5: How can I increase my arrow's kinetic energy?
A: Increase draw weight, improve bow efficiency, use lighter arrows (to a point), or optimize your shooting form for maximum energy transfer.