1. What is the Velocity Equation?

The velocity equation (v = Q/A) calculates the flow velocity of a fluid by dividing the volumetric flow rate (Q) by the cross-sectional area (A) through which the fluid flows. This fundamental equation is widely used in fluid mechanics and engineering applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the velocity equation:

Where:

• \( v \) — Velocity (m/s)
• \( Q \) — Volumetric flow rate (m³/s)
• \( A \) — Cross-sectional area (m²)

Explanation: The equation shows that velocity is directly proportional to flow rate and inversely proportional to cross-sectional area.

3. Importance of Velocity Calculation

Details: Velocity calculation is essential for designing piping systems, determining flow characteristics, calculating pressure drops, and ensuring efficient fluid transport in various engineering applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter flow rate in m³/s and cross-sectional area in m². Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero for accurate calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What units should I use for the inputs?
A: The calculator expects flow rate in cubic meters per second (m³/s) and area in square meters (m²). Convert from other units if necessary.

Q2: Can this calculator be used for gases as well as liquids?
A: Yes, the equation v = Q/A applies to both liquids and gases, assuming incompressible flow for practical purposes.

Q3: What is a typical velocity range for fluid flow in pipes?
A: Typical velocities range from 1-3 m/s for water in pipes, though this varies based on application and fluid properties.

Q4: How does pipe diameter affect velocity?
A: For a constant flow rate, velocity increases as pipe diameter decreases due to the inverse relationship with cross-sectional area.

Q5: Are there limitations to this simple equation?
A: This equation assumes uniform flow distribution across the cross-section. Real-world applications may require corrections for non-uniform velocity profiles.