1. What is Momentum?

Momentum is a fundamental concept in physics that describes the quantity of motion an object has. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction, and is conserved in isolated systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the momentum formula:

Where:

• \( p \) — Momentum (kg·m/s)
• \( m \) — Mass (kg)
• \( v \) — Velocity (m/s)

Explanation: The momentum of an object is directly proportional to both its mass and velocity. In collisions, the total momentum before impact equals the total momentum after impact (conservation of momentum).

3. Importance of Momentum Calculation

Details: Momentum calculations are essential for analyzing collisions, understanding motion dynamics, and solving problems in mechanics and engineering applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mass in kilograms and velocity in meters per second. Both values must be valid (mass > 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the conservation of momentum?
A: In an isolated system, the total momentum before a collision equals the total momentum after the collision, provided no external forces act on the system.

Q2: How is momentum different from velocity?
A: Velocity describes speed with direction, while momentum incorporates both mass and velocity, giving a more complete description of an object's motion.

Q3: What are elastic and inelastic collisions?
A: In elastic collisions, both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved. In inelastic collisions, momentum is conserved but kinetic energy is not.

Q4: Can momentum be negative?
A: Yes, momentum can be negative as it's a vector quantity. Negative momentum indicates motion in the opposite direction of the defined positive direction.

Q5: How is impulse related to momentum?
A: Impulse equals the change in momentum. A force applied over time changes an object's momentum according to the impulse-momentum theorem.